When The Lower Mantle Gets Hot From Contact With The Outer Core, What Initially Happens To That Material?. (2024)

Geography High School

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Answer 1

When the lower mantle gets hot from contact with the outer core, the material initially undergoes a process called convection. Convection occurs when the heat causes the material to become less dense and rise, creating a flow of material. As the material rises, it cools and becomes more dense, causing it to sink back down towards the core.

This continual process of rising and sinking material creates a circular motion known as a convection cell. These cells are responsible for moving the Earth's tectonic plates and driving volcanic activity. Additionally, the heat from the outer core can cause the lower mantle to partially melt, forming a region of partially molten material known as the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is also involved in plate tectonic movement, and is thought to play a role in the formation of magma chambers beneath volcanoes.
Hi! When the lower mantle gets hot from contact with the outer core, the process of mantle convection is initiated. Mantle convection is the slow circulation of solid rock within the mantle, driven by temperature differences. As the lower mantle material heats up due to its proximity to the outer core, it becomes less dense and starts to rise towards the upper mantle. This process is known as upwelling.

As the hot, less dense material ascends, it transfers heat from the lower mantle to the upper mantle. When the rising material reaches the cooler upper mantle, it loses heat and becomes denser. This causes the material to sink back down towards the lower mantle in a process called downwelling. This continuous circulation of material within the mantle helps distribute heat throughout the Earth's interior, contributing to plate tectonics and the movement of Earth's lithosphere.

In summary, when the lower mantle gets hot from contact with the outer core, mantle convection is initiated, leading to upwelling and downwelling of mantle material and the redistribution of heat within the Earth's interior.

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Related Questions

If the Earth's axis were not tilted, what effect would this have on the seasons?

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Seasons are brought about by both the Earth's axis and rotation around the sun. Without the tilt of the earth's axis to its orbital plane, seasons would not have been conceivable and humanity would have suffered.

The Earth's axis tilt causes the seasons. At various times of the year, the Sun's rays reach various parts of the Earth. The North Pole's tilt towards the Sun causes the Northern Hemisphere to have summer. The Northern Hemisphere also experiences winter during the South Pole's tilt towards the Sun.

If the Earth didn't rotate on its axis, one side would always be facing the Sun and the other would be facing away from it. One side would thus become incredibly hot, while the other side would become extremely cold. The eventual result would have been that life would not have been imaginable.

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cities in the world's core have the potential to contribute significantly to the mitigation of pollution and climate change because core cities group of answer choices produce such huge amounts of greenhouse gas emissions that small changes can have comparatively big results. are already the greenest cities. have growing amounts of brownfield sites. are reurbanizing.

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Cities in the world's core have the potential to contribute significantly to the mitigation of pollution and climate change because of their high levels of greenhouse gas emissions.

These cities are responsible for a substantial portion of the world's emissions, and even small changes can have a significant impact. Additionally, many core cities are already making efforts to reduce their environmental impact through initiatives such as green energy and sustainable transportation. However, these cities also face challenges such as growing amounts of brownfield sites and the need for re-urbanization to support sustainable development. By addressing these challenges and continuing to prioritize sustainability, core cities can play a crucial role in mitigating the effects of climate change.

Cities in the world's core have the potential to contribute significantly to the mitigation of pollution and climate change because these core cities produce such huge amounts of greenhouse gas emissions that small changes can have comparatively big results. By implementing environmentally-friendly policies and promoting sustainable practices, these cities can create a significant positive impact on reducing pollution and combating climate change. Additionally, core cities can utilize their growing amounts of brownfield sites for green development and focus on re-urbanization to improve overall sustainability.

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What cultural characteristic holds the North America together as a region?

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The cultural characteristics that hold North America together as a region include shared history, values, and traditions stemming from common languages, economic systems, and social institutions. The ongoing process of cultural exchange, adaptation, and assimilation among the diverse populations has created a sense of regional unity and a vibrant, multifaceted culture.

The cultural characteristic that holds North America together as a region is the shared history, values, and traditions that have emerged over time from the interactions among its diverse populations. These include common languages, economic systems, and social institutions that have evolved through a process of cultural exchange, adaptation, and assimilation. In North America, the predominant languages are English, Spanish, and French, which have facilitated communication and the exchange of ideas across the region.

The economic systems in North America, particularly in the United States and Canada, are predominantly market-based capitalism, which fosters economic interdependence and cooperation. This economic integration has further strengthened ties between the countries, promoting a sense of regional unity.

Social institutions, such as democratic government systems, have also played a significant role in uniting North America. These political systems encourage the involvement of citizens in governance and the protection of individual rights, which are values that are deeply embedded in the region's cultural fabric.

Furthermore, the shared experiences of colonization, immigration, and multiculturalism have shaped the cultural landscape of North America. The region's diverse population has contributed to a rich tapestry of cultural traditions, such as art, music, literature, and cuisine, which are celebrated across national borders.

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FILL IN THE BLANK. The most recent analyses of polar ice cores have given us the ability to profile global climate change back as far as________ years.

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The most recent analyses of polar ice cores have given us the ability to profile global climate change back as far as 800,000 years.

By drilling into the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland, researchers can extract ice cores that provide a record of past climate conditions, including temperature, atmospheric gases, and precipitation patterns. By analyzing the chemical and physical properties of these ice cores, scientists have been able to reconstruct a detailed history of global climate change, including the cycles of ice ages and warm periods, as well as the impact of human activities on the Earth's climate system.

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explain the eastern europe shatter belt

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The Eastern Europe shatter belt is a region that encompasses a significant part of Europe, including the Balkans, Ukraine, and parts of Russia.

The region has a complex history of ethnic, linguistic, and religious diversity, and has been the site of numerous conflicts and power struggles throughout history. This shatter belt was created as a result of the competing influences of different empires, including the Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, and Russian empires, and the shifting political boundaries that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union. The region remains highly divided, with ongoing conflicts related to ethnic tensions, political instability, economic disparities, and cultural differences. These factors have contributed to the continued instability and potential for conflict in the region.

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Approximately what percent of the saharan desert is covered by sand sheets and dunes?.

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The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering an area of approximately 9.2 million square kilometers in North Africa. It is known for its vast and desolate landscape, characterized by a variety of landforms, including rocky outcrops, gravel plains, and sand seas.

Sand sheets and dunes are the two main types of sand deposits found in the Sahara Desert. Sand sheets are flat areas covered by sand that are typically less than 10 meters thick. Dunes, on the other hand, are hills or ridges of sand that are formed by wind erosion and deposition. Dunes can be found in various shapes and sizes, ranging from small crescent-shaped dunes to massive star-shaped dunes that can reach up to 500 meters in height.Estimating the percentage of the Sahara Desert that is covered by sand sheets and dunes is a challenging task, as the distribution of these sand deposits is not uniform across the desert. However, according to a study published in the journal Geomorphology in 2018, approximately 70% of the Sahara Desert is covered by sand sheets and dunes.The study used satellite imagery and field observations to map the extent and distribution of sand deposits in the Sahara Desert. The researchers found that sand sheets and dunes are most common in the central and eastern parts of the desert, where the wind is strongest and the landscape is most arid.

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the region of the sun that is 1.7 ties hotter than the surface is the primary source of ultraviolet uv radiation, and is where one finds prominences is the

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The region of the sun that is 1.7 times hotter than the surface, the primary source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and where one finds prominences is the corona.

The corona is the outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere and is visible to the during a total solar eclipse. It is composed of ionized gases that are at extremely high temperatures, ranging from 1 to 3 million kelvins. The corona is responsible for producing the solar wind, a stream of charged particles that constantly flows outward from the sun and affects the magnetic environment of the entire solar system.

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Full Question;

the region of the sun that is 1.7 ties hotter than the surface is the primary source of ultraviolet uv radiation, and is where one finds prominences is the______

A fold in which rock layers warp up in the shape of an A is a(n):

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A fold in which rock layers warp up in the shape of an A is called an "anticline".

Anticlines are commonly formed by compressional forces acting on the Earth's crust, causing the layers of rock to buckle and fold. In an anticline, the oldest layers of rock are found at the center, while the younger layers are found towards the edges of the fold. Anticlines can be found in many different types of rock, and are often associated with natural resources such as oil and gas, as these fluids can collect in the crests of the fold.

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plants use a wide variety of adaptations to access nitrogen in the soil, except which of the following?

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A - absorbing nitrogen gas in the atmosphere when nitrogen in the soil is scarce - is the option that does not describe a way plants access nitrogen in the soil.

While plants do require nitrogen for growth and development, they cannot directly absorb nitrogen gas from the atmosphere. Instead, they have evolved adaptations such as forming mutualisms with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, and using root hairs to increase their surface area for nutrient absorption. These adaptations allow plants to access the nitrogen in the soil and use it to synthesize essential compounds such as amino acids and nucleotides.

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Full Question ;

Plants use a wide variety of adaptations to access nitrogen in the soil, except which of the following?

A absorbing nitrogen gas in the atmosphere when nitrogen in the soil is scarce

B forming mutualisms with nitrogen-fixing bacteria

C using root hairs to access greater surface area in the soil

D forming mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi

In a hot-spot volcanic island chain, such as the Hawaiian Islands, which of the following is true?All volcanoes in the chain can be simultaneously active.The ages and distance between volcanoes can be used to calculate plate velocities.The presence of volcanism is related to a plate boundary.The magma source moves to form a hot-spot track.

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In a hot-spot volcanic island chain, such as the Hawaiian Islands, the magma sources move to form a hot-spot track. Option d is correct answer.

In a hot-spot volcanic island chain, the volcanoes are formed by magma rising from a hot spot within the mantle, which could be an area of unusually high temperature and a warm stream. As the structural plate moves over the hot spot, aseries of volcanoes is shaped, with the most seasoned and most disintegrated volcanoes at one end of the chain and the youngest and most dynamic volcanoes at the other end.

The movement of the tectonic plate over the hot spot causes the magma source to move, making a hot-spot track that'schecked by a chain of volcanic islands. As the plate moves away from the hot spot, the magma source is cut off and volcanism ceases. In this way, as it were the volcanoes that are as of now over the hot spot are dynamic, whereas the others are dormant or terminated.

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Which one of the following variables is continuous?A) The number of automobiles produced by Ford B) The daily high temperature in Chicago C) The number of years of formal education a person has had D) The manufacturer of an automobile

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The variable that is continuous is B) The daily high temperature in Chicago. This is because temperature is a continuous measurement that can take on any value within a certain range, whereas the other variables listed are discrete measurements that can only take on certain values.

Continuous variables can take on any value within a specified range, and they are measured rather than counted. In this case, the daily high temperature in Chicago can have any value within a certain range, including fractions, which makes it a continuous variable. On the other hand, options A, C, and D are discrete variables. Discrete variables are those that can only take on specific, separated values and are often counted. For instance: A) The number of automobiles produced by Ford can only be whole numbers, such as 1, 2, or 3, and not fractions like 1.5. C) The number of years of formal education a person has had is also a whole number, as you cannot have, for example, 3.2 years of formal education. D) The manufacturer of an automobile represents a categorical variable, as it refers to distinct categories or groups, such as Ford, Toyota, or Honda, without any numerical value. So, among the given options, the daily high temperature in Chicago is the only continuous variable, while the others are discrete or categorical variables.

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Volcanic ash can be used as a time marker to correlate rock layers because the ash:.

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Volcanic ash can be used as a time marker to correlate rock layers because the ash is a unique and identifiable layer that can be dated using radiometric dating techniques.

Once the age of the ash layer is determined, it can be used to correlate rock layers in different areas or even continents that contain the same ash layer. This method, known as tephrochronology, allows scientists to establish a relative timeline of geological events and better understand the history of the Earth's crust.


Volcanic ash can be used as a time marker to correlate rock layers because the ash is deposited rapidly and simultaneously over a wide area, providing a distinct and easily identifiable layer in the geological record. This characteristic makes it a valuable tool for establishing the relative ages of rock layers and correlating them across different geographic regions.

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the water table group of answer choices is always located beneath the ground surface. rises to a higher elevation during the dry season. usually lies within a few meters of the surface in deserts. mimics the topography of the land it underlies.

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Answer:

mimics the topography of the land it underlies.

Explanation:

How have scientists organized the biodiversity observed on earth?.

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Answer:

Scientists have organized the biodiversity observed on Earth into a hierarchical classification system known as taxonomy. Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms based on their physical and genetic characteristics. The classification system is hierarchical, with each level representing a progressively more inclusive group of organisms. The levels of classification, from most inclusive to least inclusive, are:

DomainKingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

The domain is the most inclusive level of classification, and there are three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The kingdom is the next level of classification, with organisms grouped into five kingdoms: Monera (prokaryotes), Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The other levels of classification are progressively more specific, with organisms grouped together based on shared characteristics.

This hierarchical system of classification helps scientists to organize and study the vast diversity of life on Earth. It also provides a framework for understanding the relationships between different groups of organisms and for identifying new species based on their physical and genetic characteristics.

Which generalization about the geography of latin america is most accurate?.

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The most accurate generalization about the geography of Latin America is - Great variations in latitude and elevation (altitude) have resulted in a diversity of climates.

Geography of Latin America:

Latin America spans a vast area, from Mexico in North America to the southern tip of South America, which has a wide range of climates and landscapes. The region is home to tropical rainforests, deserts, high mountain ranges, grasslands, and coastal plains, all of which contribute to the diversity of climate and ecosystems.

For example, the Andes is the longest mountain range in the world, lies in Latin America. It create a variety of climatic zones, from the tropical rainforests of the Amazon basin to the arid deserts of northern Chile and Argentina.

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The question given is incomplete, hence, the complete question is:

Which generalization about the geography of Latin America is most accurate?

a. Great variations in latitude and elevation (altitude) have resulted in a diversity of climates.

b. Geographic features prevented foreign imperialism by European nations.

c. The lack of geographic barriers facilitated the development of transportation and communication systems.

d. Harsh climate conditions have prevented the development of large scale agriculture.

how are the beach and bay sides of barrier islands different? question 13 options: a) beaches have stronger wave action b) bays have stronger wave action c) barrier island beaches tend to form landward d) bays have tend to form seaward

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The beach and bay sides of barrier islands differ in that beaches have stronger wave action, while bays tend to form seaward.

Barrier islands are narrow strips of sand that form offshore from a mainland. The beach side of a barrier island faces the open ocean, which is characterized by stronger wave action that shapes the beach and erodes the sand. On the other hand, the bay side of a barrier island faces a relatively calm body of water, where the wave action is weaker and sediment can accumulate, resulting in the formation of new land. The bay side also tends to form seaward, meaning the shoreline gradually extends out to the sea, while the beach side tends to form landward, where the shoreline migrates toward the mainland.

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which of the following statements about movement in midlatitude cyclones are accurate?choose all that apply.

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Answer:

clockwise

Explanation:

What changed in the Chowan River Basin in the past two decades that has improved the river?

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According to the Chowan River Basin article, several changes have occurred in the past two decades that have improved the health of the river and its ecosystem. Some of these changes include: Reduction in pollution, Restoration of wetlands, Conservation efforts and Awareness and education.

Among these modifications are:

Pollution reduction: The Chowan River Basin has seen a decrease in pollution from both urban and rural sources as a result of the adoption of legislation and best management practises. Restoration of wetlands: To assist rebuild damaged ecosystems and enhance water quality, wetlands have been restored in the Chowan River Basin. Diverse conservation initiatives have been made in the Chowan River Basin to preserve and restore natural habitats, such as forests and riparian buffers. Awareness and education: Greater stewardship and responsibility among local communities have been fostered by increased awareness and education about the need of safeguarding and conserving the Chowan River Basin.

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What is the oldest continuously occupied city in the united states.

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The oldest continuously occupied city in the United States is St. Augustine, Florida.

St. Augustine was founded by the Spanish in 1565 and has been continuously occupied ever since, making it over 450 years old.

The city has a rich history, including being the site of numerous battles and conflicts between the Spanish, French, and British, as well as playing a significant role in the Civil Rights Movement.

St. Augustine is known for its historic architecture, charming streets, and beautiful beaches, making it a popular tourist destination.

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Explain what the greenhouse effect is

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The trapping of the suns warmth in a planets lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface

T/F: symbolic convergence theory, often known as fantasy-theme analysis, deals with how individuals, in groups, come to a shared reality through communication.

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True. Symbolic Convergence Theory, also known as fantasy-theme analysis, is a communication theory that deals with how individuals, in groups, come to a shared reality through communication.

Developed by Ernest Bormann, the theory posits that group members create a shared "fantasy" through storytelling and the sharing of symbolic meanings. These fantasies can serve as a form of social reality that binds group members together and creates a sense of identity and belonging. According to the theory, group members can also use these shared fantasies to create a sense of purpose or mission that guides their actions and behaviors. Symbolic Convergence Theory has been applied in various contexts, including family communication, organizational communication, and political communication, to understand how shared meanings are constructed and maintained through communication.

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what are georiga´s famous mountains lakes and rivers.

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Georgia, a state positioned in the southeastern United States, is host to famous mountains, lakes, and streams.

Mountains:

Brasstown Bald: The highest elevation in Georgia, situated in the northern part of the state.

Blood Mountain: A popular trekking locale found in the Appalachian Mountains.

Rabun Bald: A mountain summit in the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest.

Lakes:

Lake Lanier: A huge reservoir sitting northeast of Atlanta, renowned for its boating and angling.

Lake Allatoona: An acclaimed leisure lake located northwest of Atlanta.

Rivers:

Savannah River: A substantial river making up part of the boundary between Georgia and South Carolina.

Ocmulgee River: A significant river in core Georgia, well-known for its ancient Native American sites and captivating prettiness.

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How do temperature and pressure change as the depth of the geosphere increases?.

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As the depth of geosphere increases the pressure and temperature also increase.

Hence, the answer is Pressure and Temperature increase.

Why Pressure and Temperature increase?

The Earth's temperature increases with depth due to the geothermal gradient. Highly viscous or partially molten rock is found at the margins of tectonic plates, increasing the gradient nearby. The heat content of Earth is estimated to be [tex]10^{31}[/tex] joules.

Much of the heat is created by radioactive decay of elements in the mantle. Heat is also generated by gravitational potential energy release during Earth's accretion. Latent heat is released as the outer core crystallizes. Tidal forces on Earth may also generate heat.

The pressure also increases with depth due to the weight of the rock and other materials above. This is because the Earth's gravity pulls all objects towards the center of the planet, creating pressure on the materials below.

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The given question is incomplete. hence, the complete question should be:

How do pressure and temperature change inside as depth of the geosphere increases?

A. Pressure and temperature decrease.

B. Pressure increases; temperature decreases.

C. Pressure decreases; temperature increases.

D. Pressure and temperature increase.

Where is frank lloyd wright’s home fallingwater located.

Answers

The Frank Lloyd Wright's home Fallingwater is located in Mill Run, Pennsylvania.

Fallingwater was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935 for the Kaufmann family, and it is considered one of the most iconic examples of his architecture. The home is situated on a waterfall in the Laurel Highlands of the Allegheny Mountains, about 90 minutes southeast of Pittsburgh. Today, it is a National Historic Landmark and open to the public for tours.

Fallingwater, a famous architectural masterpiece designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, was built between 1936 and 1939. It is situated in the Bear Run Nature Reserve in Mill Run, southwestern Pennsylvania. The house was designed as a weekend home for the Kaufmann family and is well-known for its unique design, which integrates the house with the natural surroundings and waterfall on the property.

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what causes an increase in flow shown on a hydrograph? question 6 options: a) a new confluence b) decrease in the runoff c) increased infiltration to the groundwater d) precipitation in the drainage basin

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An increase in flow shown on a hydrograph is primarily caused by precipitation in the drainage basin. Precipitation is one of the main inputs in a hydrological system, and when it falls onto the land surface, it can either infiltrate into the soil, evaporate back into the atmosphere, or run off into the rivers and streams.

The amount of precipitation that runs off into the rivers and streams depends on various factors such as the type of soil, vegetation cover, land use, slope, and intensity of rainfall. When there is a heavy rainfall event in a drainage basin, the runoff increases, and this is reflected on the hydrograph as an increase in flow.

The other options provided in the question can also affect the hydrograph, but they are not the primary cause of an increase in flow. For example, a new confluence could change the way the water is flowing in a river system, but it would not necessarily cause an increase in flow unless there is a significant change in the catchment area. A decrease in runoff would have the opposite effect and cause a decrease in flow on the hydrograph. Increased infiltration to the groundwater would also not cause an increase in flow on the hydrograph, as it would not contribute to the streamflow directly.

In summary, an increase in flow shown on a hydrograph is mainly caused by precipitation in the drainage basin.

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barrier island with large structures, such as hotels and condos, are made more stable by these structures and do not experience beach erosion. question 1 options: a) true b) false

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False, While large structures such as hotels and condos may offer some degree of protection against erosion, they can actually contribute to erosion in certain circ*mstances.

Barrier islands are dynamic environments that are constantly changing due to the forces of wind, waves, and currents. When large structures are built on these islands, they can alter the natural flow of sediment and water, which can cause erosion in other areas. Additionally, structures built too close to the shoreline can prevent the natural movement of sand and sediment, leading to erosion in those areas. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider the potential impacts of building large structures on barrier islands, and to take steps to mitigate these impacts.

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explain how southeast asia qualifies as a shatter belt

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Southeast Asia is often considered a shatter belt due to its complex history of political, economic, and cultural fragmentation.

The region is comprised of a diverse array of ethnic and linguistic groups, and has been influenced by various external powers throughout history. This has resulted in a patchwork of states with varying levels of political stability, leading to conflict and instability. Additionally, Southeast Asia is home to numerous active fault lines, making it highly susceptible to earthquakes and other natural disasters.

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which of the following is a possible future milestone in environmental policy? a. water pollution policy b. implementation of a cap and dividend polic

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The correct answer to the given question is Option a. a. water pollution policy. Water pollution policy is a possible future milestone in environmental policy.

What is Environmental policy?

As a result, it also evaluates the human and non-human environments as well as the biophysical environment (the abiotic portion of the environment) (the living).

In situ observation, as well as past and maybe future data, are used to characterize the status and environmental trends.

Additionally, the evaluator evaluates, models, or estimates the effects of human-based management procedures as well as anthropogenic pressures on the environment.

Therefore, A site, strategy, plan, program, or scheme is assessed in terms of how it will affect the environment as part of an environmental assessment.

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Full Question ;

Which of the following is a possible future milestone in environmental policy?

a. water pollution policy

b.implementation of a cap and dividend policy

c.mandatory environmental assessments

d.environmental impact statements

what change in arctic seas caused the global ocean conveyor belt to stop abruptly in the past? group of answer choices decreased salinity decreased temperature increased salinity increased temperature

Answers

A decrease in salinity caused the global ocean conveyor belt to stop abruptly in the past.

Melting ice from glaciers and increased freshwater input from rivers diluted the salinity of the Arctic seas, which affected the formation of dense, salty water that drives the conveyor belt. This disruption to the conveyor belt system had significant effects on global climate patterns, including cooling in the North Atlantic region.

The global ocean conveyor belt, also known as the thermohaline circulation, is driven by differences in temperature and salinity. In the past, a significant decrease in salinity in the Arctic seas, possibly due to the influx of freshwater from melting ice, disrupted the density-driven circulation. This caused the conveyor belt to stop abruptly, leading to changes in global climate patterns.

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what are the problematic consequences of building structures along shorelines to minimize the impact of coastal processes

Answers

Building structures along shorelines can cause disruption to natural coastal processes, leading to long-term environmental damage and a decline in coastal biodiversity.

The possibility for increased erosion of the coastline is the most serious effect of building structures along shorelines to lessen the impact of coastal processes. This is so that the structures won't interfere with normal coastal processes like erosion, movement of sediment, and wave action. The interruption of these processes may result in the development of man-made dunes and coves along the shoreline, reducing the diversity of coastal habitats.

Additionally, by obstructing access to the water and altering the natural flow of water and sediment, structures built along the shoreline can have a negative effect on nearby habitats, such as wetlands. Additionally, this may make it harder for animals to find food and shelter. Furthermore, the availability of such structures may limit opportunities for leisure activities like swimming or fishing. Finally, the cost of building and maintaining these facilities might strain taxpayers.

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When The Lower Mantle Gets Hot From Contact With The Outer Core, What Initially Happens To That Material?. (2024)

FAQs

When The Lower Mantle Gets Hot From Contact With The Outer Core, What Initially Happens To That Material?.? ›

Mantle convection is the result of heat transfer from the core to the base of the lower mantle. As with a pot of soup on a hot stove (Figure 3.12), the material near the heat source (the soup at the bottom of the pot) becomes hot and expands, making it less dense than the material above.

What will happen if the core heats up the lower mantle? ›

The core heats the lower mantle, and the warm lava rises into the upper mantle. As the upper mantle cools, the lava spreads and falls back to the center of the earth. As the lava spreads in the asthenosphere, the tectonic plates above it also spread.

How does heat from the lower mantle reach the upper mantle? ›

Mantle convection occurs because relatively hot rocks are less dense and rise in a gravitational field while relatively cold rocks are more dense and sink. The rise of hot rocks advects heat upward while the fall of cold rocks advects cold downward; this counterflow is equivalent to an upward heat flux.

What process that brings heat from the lower mantle toward the crust? ›

Mantle in earth is in liquid state and the liquid constantly heat up makes it movable. Convection brings the mantle to heat up. Therefore, heat transfer from mantle to earth crust is by convection.

What is the temperature at the boundary between the lower mantle and the core? ›

The temperature of the mantle varies greatly, from 1000°C (1832°F) near its boundary with the crust, to 3700°C (6692°F) near its boundary with the core. In the mantle, heat and pressure generally increase with depth. The geothermal gradient is a measurement of this increase.

Is the lower mantle hotter than the outer core? ›

The Upper Mantle is much stronger than the asthenosphere at about 500-900°C, and the Lower Mantle is denser and hotter, reaching temperatures over 4,000°C. Finally, the Core is the hottest at about 5,000°C, being the most “gooey” of the layers.

How does the mantle affect the outer core? ›

The mantle produces convection currents which are strongly linked to movement of the tectonic plates but also affect the core by varying the amount of heat that is transferred across the core-mantle boundary.

What causes the lower mantle to heat up and convection? ›

The primary sources of thermal energy for mantle convection are three: (1) internal heating due to the decay of the radioactive isotopes of uranium, thorium, and potassium; (2) the long-term secular cooling of the earth; and (3) heat from the core.

How does conduction from the core heat the lower mantle? ›

The lower mantle is heated directly by conduction from the core. In conduction, heat is transferred as atoms collide. In the process of conduction, heat flows from warmer objects to cooler objects. Hot lower mantle material rises upward (Figure below).

What happens to the mantle as it heats up? ›

The mantle is heated from below (the core), and in areas that are hotter it rises upwards (it is buoyant), whereas in areas that are cooler it sink down. This results in convection cells in the mantle, and produces horizontal motion of mantle material close to the Earth surface.

How is heat transferred between mantle and core? ›

The mantle transfers heat from the hot core at the planet's center to the colder surface. This happens primarily by either conduction or convection. Conduction: Hot vibrating atoms and molecules tranfer energy (heat) to neighboring atoms and molecules.

What is the process of heating mantle? ›

To heat an object, it is placed within the basket of the heating mantle. In further contrast to other methods of applying heat to a flask, such as an oil bath or water bath, using a heating mantle generates no liquid residue to drip off the flask.

What is the thickest layer of the earth? ›

Mantle. The mantle is the largest and thickest layer of Earth, making up 84% of the planet's total volume, according to National Geographic.

What does the heat in the core do to the mantle? ›

Mantle convection is the result of heat transfer from the core to the base of the lower mantle. As with a pot of soup on a hot stove (Figure 3.12), the material near the heat source (the soup at the bottom of the pot) becomes hot and expands, making it less dense than the material above.

What would happen if the heat from the Earth's core cooled down? ›

If it cooled down, scientists believe the planet would grow cold and dead. Cooling also could cost us the magnetic shield around the planet created by heat from the core. This shield protects Earth from cosmic radiation.

What would happen if we drilled into the mantle? ›

Once through the mantle, the drill would finally reach Earth's core at about 1,800 miles (2,896 km) down. The outer core is made mostly of liquid iron and nickel and is extremely hot, with temperatures ranging from 7,200 to 9,000 F (4,000 to 5,000 C), according to the California Academy of Sciences.

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